Banking did not begin with a modern bank, and the global financial system was not created by one government, one family or one institution. It developed layer by layer: recorded debts, safe custody, merchant credit, bills of exchange, sovereign borrowing, central banks, retail deposits, corporate finance, securities markets, international institutions and electronic … [Read more...] about The Biography of Banking: From Ancient Ledgers to the Global Financial System
Bank of England
Trading Week Ahead: Fed Decision, Big Tech Earnings, PCE Inflation and Oil Risk
July 27–31, 2026: The Federal Reserve, Microsoft, Meta, Apple and Amazon, U.S. GDP and PCE inflation, three major central-bank meetings, Middle East oil risk and end-of-month options expiry converge in one unusually dense trading week. The final week of July begins with a relief move in global risk assets after a pause in U.S.-Iran hostilities pushed crude oil sharply lower. … [Read more...] about Trading Week Ahead: Fed Decision, Big Tech Earnings, PCE Inflation and Oil Risk